Cervical cancer has been on the decline over the past several decades. According to the CDC, recent statistics reveal that cervical cancer affects about 7.6 women our of every 100,000 per year in the state of Georgia. Pap smear tests have been incorporated in annual exams for many years, and therefore, playing an integral part in the decline of cervical cancer and death.

The cervix sits at the entrance of the uterus.  The doctor takes a sample from the cervix with a brush, which is submitted for a pathologist who then looks for abnormal cells under a microscope. The pathologist will classify it as normal or abnormal. Several categories exist for abnormal pap smears and this will then determine further testing and intervention.

Normal pap smears will be repeated at regular intervals ranging from one to three years depending on age and risk factors. All other categories require further follow up and HPV testing. The presence of HPV virus increases the risk of cervical cancer and yearly pap smears will be strongly encouraged. Often, your doctor may recommend a colposcopy. The cervix is evaluated using a special stain to reveal abnormal areas on the cervix. Once the abnormal areas are revealed, a biopsy is taken and sent for further evaluation by the pathologist. Most abnormal cells can be treated in the office in order to prevent further advancement of abnormal areas. Other times, surgery may be required. Early detection is paramount in order to prevent cervical cancer and help preserve the ability to carry a baby full term.

Women who are sexually active are at greater risk due to exposure of HPV virus. It is recommended to lower your risks, limit the number of sexual partners, use condoms and get regular Pap smears. The HPV vaccine can also prevent cervical cancer and is currently offered to both boys and girls starting at age 11. Check with your doctor about these screening tests and preventative measures.